Lee, department of human nutrition, food and animal sciences. Spatial growth of kikuyugrass pennisetum clandestinum. Only the listed species and subspecies are valid synonyms. Cenchrus clandestinus pennisetum clandestinum hochst. C onsignments are to be free from pests, soil, weed seeds a nd extraneous material. Pennisetum clandestinum seed department of agriculture. This rapidly growing, partially scrambling, rhizomatous plant is a favored, but overrated, rangeland grass. Pennisetum clandestinum, a monocot, is a perennial grass that is not native to california. Moreover, common tropical grasses such as panicum maximum, setaria anceps, digitaria spp.
Full georeferenced collection data is made available alongside a summary checklist in pdf format. Pennisetum synonyms, pennisetum pronunciation, pennisetum translation, english dictionary definition of pennisetum. Even though kikuyu is a tropicalsubtropical pasture. The initial ph of the metal solution was adjusted to the desired ph value using 0. Healthy fresh tortoise foods are in abundance everywhere you just need to know what to look for. Reproduction is primarily vegetative, by its extensive network of stolons and rhizomes. Wildflowers, nps, samo nra pennisetum clandestinum detail.
The activities of peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbatefree. Australian consignments of pennisetum clandestinum seed can be endorsed free from striga asiatica without any evidence presented except for seed sourced from the mackay area which cannot be endorsed. It infests lawns, gardens, orchards and abandoned land. Cultivated residential lawn turf occasionally escaped where moisture adequate, aug 2009. Pennisetumlongistylum is sometimes listed as a synonym for p. Goodin, research assistant the continuous uncontrolled spread of pennisetum clandestinum has called for increased interest in attempts to find some means of control, or at least inhibition. K ikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum is a perennial pasture species with a spring to autumn growth habit. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of. Pennisetum clandestinum in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Pennisetum clandestinum wikispecies, free species directory. It is a deep rooted, sod forming grass, spread by seed, rhizomes underground runners, and stolens above ground runners. It occurs in sandy soil and reaches a height of between 70 and.
Kikuyu is a vigorous, prostrate, rhizomatous and stoloniferous perennial that spreads readily and forms dense swards ecocrop, 2010. Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum geoff moore, dafwa description prostrate, creeping grass that spreads via rhizomes underground stems and stolons runners that readily root from the nodes left ungrazed it forms a loose, rank sward, but under grazing forms a dense turf leaf sheaths overlap and the leaf blades 520 cm have a. Kikuyu prefers warm, moist and sunny conditions, and. Bipolaris zeae on pennisetum clandestinum in argentina. Provided by smithsonian institution, department of botany. It is palatable, resistant to heavy grazing and mostly used for pasture. Prefers sandy soils of lowland areas, and has failed to thrive in very heavy soils, dry areas and cooler montane zones walsh and entwisle 1994. Full article pdf usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. It will only flower and set seed under certain conditions, such as defoliation. Ammonium nitrate was applied to a kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum dominant pasture at annual rates of 0, 4, 336 and 672 kg nha.
Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria, south australia, western australia, new south wales and queensland. The production potential of kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum pastures. Native to east africa, kikuyugrass is well adapted to warm, temperate climates such as those of the coast and inland valleys of southern and central california. Cenchrus clandestinus pennisetum clandestinum can be distinguished by its extensively creeping rhizomes and stolons which form a dense mat, its culms with overlapping leaf sheaths and by its flowers which, if present at all, appear on leafy, vegetative side shoots with only the stamens visible above the leaf sheaths. Pennisetum clandestinum kikuyu grass this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Pennisetum clandestinum scientific name pennisetum clandestinum hochst.
It is quite invasive, and spreads via creeping stems stolons above the ground, as well as similar rhizomes below the ground. Clandestinum refers to the clandestine or hidden seed heads. Pennisetum is from the latin penna meaning feather and seta meaning bristle and refers to the feather like bristles on the flowers, of some species in this genus. Pdf jstor is a notforprofit service that helps scholars. Feeding crop byproducts and the above grass species often form part of improved donkey husbandry programs promoted by. Toll free call kikuyu 0508 299 299 description kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum kikuyu is a perennial grass originating from north and east africa. Red witchweed striga asiatica is recognised as not occurring in any australian states and territories except the mackay area of queensland. These are composed largely of peptides, free amino acids and nitrate nrc 2001.
Kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum is an invasive perennial grassy weed. Kikuyu grass is a warm season perennial lawn grass adapted to irrigated areas of the lower deserts in arizona. The leaves are green, flattened or upwardly folded along the midrib, 10150 m 3905,910 in long, and 15 mm 0. Limited pennisetum clandestinum is classified by the u.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. This list is intended to serve as a guide to identifying natural foods, as easy and painlessly as possible. Pennisetum clandestinum synonyms, pennisetum clandestinum pronunciation, pennisetum clandestinum translation, english dictionary definition of pennisetum clandestinum. A low closely matting perennial, with numerous creeping rhizomes and slender to stout stolons with many very short internodes, rooting at the nodes, throwing up single or more often fascicled short stout branches. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The seedbed should be fertile, fine, firm, weedfree, moist, and warm with the seed. Pennisetum clandestinum hochstetter ex chiovenda, annuario reale ist. Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum kikuyu is a stoloniferous above ground and rhizomatous below ground perennial summer grass.
Pennisetum clandestinum is a rhizomatous grass with matted roots and a grasslike or herbaceous habit. A spreading rhizomatous and stoloniferous perennial that roots at the. Pennisetum definition of pennisetum by the free dictionary. It was introduced into hawaii in 1925 and has been introduced and distributed to many subtropical and tropical countries. Consolidating rolling the seedbed after sowingplanting. Each nitrogen n rate treatment was continuously grazed at three stocking rates sr designed to apply similar grazing pressures at each n level and covering a range from 22 to 166 angus weaner cattleha. Siverio a, sobrino e, rodriguez h, arevalo j r, 2011. A low closely matting perennial, with numerous creeping rhizomes and slender to stout stolons with many very short internodes, rooting at the nodes, throwing up. Although it is usually grazed without ill effect, spasmodic incidents of poisoning in cattle 1 and, to a much lesser extent, sheep 2 and goats, 3 have been encountered. Kikuyugrass pennisetum clandestinum is a warm season grass that is native to the kenyan highlands of.
The aetiology and pathogenesis of kikuyu poisoning remains poorly understood. Pennisetum clandestinum an overview sciencedirect topics. Kikuyu grass must, however, be treated aggressively for. It is a serious pest in forests because, apart from shading out shrubs and herbs, it releases allelopathic substances which kill almost all other species in the vicinity sanchez and davis 1969. Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum vro agriculture victoria. Tolerance of kikuyu grass to long term salt stress is associated with. Pennisetum n a taxonomic genus within the family poaceae the fountaingrasses, native to tropical and warm temperate environs worldwide, that may be treated as members of genus cenchrum. The list of edible plants for sulcata by rodney earl pettway this is our partial list of edible plants for a sulcata. Antioxidant enzymes kikuyu oxidative stress pennisetum clandestinum salt. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. It grows rapidly and spreads quickly, but is not impossible to get rid of. Pennisetum a genus of old world grasses genus pennisetum liliopsid genus, monocot genus genus of flowering plants having a single cotyledon in. Plants profile for pennisetum clandestinum kikuyugrass. Most of the work up to this date has been in the control of vegetative growth.
Stem and leaves plants are a network of horizontal manyjointed stems i. Although it is usually grazed without ill effect, spasmodic incidents of poisoning in cattle 1 and, to a much lesser extent, sheep 2 and goats, 3. Widely used as a pasture and lawn species muyt 2001. The clandestine flowering of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum. Pennisetum clandestinum is a lowgrowing stoloniferous perennial, to 30 cm tall. It persists well under lower fertility conditions and is freeseeding, but is susceptible. Holt skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites.
Genetic identification of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum cultivars by rapd and issr techniques. Kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum hochst is a perennial. Pdf spatial growth of kikuyugrass pennisetum clandestinum. Spatial growth of kikuyugrass pennisetum clandestinum volume 44 issue 2 cheryl a.
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